Albert Fleischmann (June 28, 1862 – November 19, 1942) was a German

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...

Career

Fleischmann was born in

Nuremberg Nuremberg ( ; german: link=no, Nürnberg ; in the local East Franconian dialect: ''Nämberch'' ) is the second-largest city of the German state of Bavaria after its capital Munich, and its 518,370 (2019) inhabitants make it the 14th-largest ...

. Debus, Allen G. (1968). ''World Who's Who in Science: A Biographical Dictionary of Notable Scientists from Antiquity to the Present, Volume 2''. Marquis-Who's Who Incorporated. p. 577 He studied comparative embryology at the

University of Erlangen A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...

Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...

.Churchill, Frederick B. (2015). ''August Weismann: Development, Heredity, and Evolution''. Harvard University Press. p. 668. He obtained his

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...

in 1885. He became assistant professor of zoology and comparative anatomy in 1896 and professor in 1898. In 1901, he published a book ''Die Descendenztheorie'' which attacked

Darwinism Darwinism is a scientific theory, theory of Biology, biological evolution developed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin (1809–1882) and others, stating that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of smal ...

evolution Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. These characteristics are the expressions of genes, which are passed on from parent to offspring during reproduction. Variation ...

and theories of

common descent Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. All living beings are in fact descendants of a unique ancestor commonly referred to as the last universal comm ...

. In 1907,

Vernon Lyman Kellogg Vernon Lyman Kellogg (December 1, 1867 – August 8, 1937) was an American entomologist, evolutionary biologist, and science administrator. His father was Lyman Beecher Kellogg, first president of the Kansas State Normal School (now known as E ...

described Fleischmann as the "only biologist of recognized position, of whom I am aware, who publicly declares disbelief in the theory of descent." Palaeontologist

William Berryman Scott William Berryman Scott (February 12, 1858 – March 29, 1947) was an American vertebrate paleontologist, authority on mammals, and principal author of the White River Oligocene monographs. He was a professor of geology and paleontology at P ...

noted that because of his anti-evolutionary views, Fleischmann was "almost entirely alone in modern biological literature." Scott, William Berryman. (1921)
''The Theory of Evolution, With Special Reference to the Evidence Upon Which it is Founded''
The Macmillan Company. p. 2 His anti-evolutionary writings were criticized by biologist

August Weismann August Friedrich Leopold Weismann FRS (For), HonFRSE, LLD (17 January 18345 November 1914) was a German evolutionary biologist. Fellow German Ernst Mayr ranked him as the second most notable evolutionary theorist of the 19th century, after Cha ...

and zoologist Sinai Tschulok. Numbers, Ronald L. (1995). ''Creationism in Twentieth-Century America: A Ten-Volume Anthology of Documents, 1903–1961''. ''Volume 9: Early Creationist Journals''. Garland Publishing. pp. 111-112. Fleischmann married Franziska Kiefl in 1902, they had one son, Rudolf. He was involved in forming Erlangen bee breeding institute in 1907. He was the author of a popular zoology textbook and a book which contained a series of lectures held in 1921–1922 at the University of Erlangen. He retired in 1933.

Publications

*''Embryologische Untersuchungen'' (3 volumes, 1889-1893) *''Lehrbuch der Zoologie. Nach morphogenetischen Gesichtspunkten'' (1896-1898) *''Die Descendenztheorie'' (1901) *''Die Darwinsche Theorie'' (1903)
''Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Honigbiene''
(1910) ith Theodor Weippl and Enoch Zander*''Der Entwicklungsgedanke in der gegenwärtigen Natur- und Geisteswissenschaft'' (1922) *''Einführung in die Tierkunde'' (1928) *''The Doctrine of Organic Evolution in the Light of Modern Research'' (1933)

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Fleischmann, Albert 1862 births 1942 deaths Christian creationists 20th-century German zoologists Scientists from Nuremberg University of Erlangen-Nuremberg alumni 19th-century German zoologists

Career

Publications

See also

References

External links